What Is in a Spider Habitat?

A spider's natural habitat generally consists of its food sources and natural surroundings. The climate and contents of a spider habitat may vary considerably, depending on the species and geographical location of the spider. Spiders are believed to inhabit almost every ecosystem on the planet, except for arctic, high altitude, and underwater ecosystems. The world's many species of spiders have been forced to evolve and adapt to vastly different habitats, leading to very wide variations in behavior from species to species and continent to continent. Though spider habitats can vary widely, they all generally offer a consistent source of food and tolerable variations in climate.

Some species, for instance, prefer a spider habitat that allows for the building of a funnel-shaped web, rather than the large net-like web many other species build. Spiders such as the hobo spider or the domestic house spider typically prefer to build funnel webs, and may therefore seek a habitat where dark crevices exist. Rock piles, stone, or brick walls, and areas of heavy ground cover are considered places where funnel-web spiders may commonly be found.

Certain types of spiders, such as the crab spider, don't build webs at all, but actively hunt their prey. These species generally require a spider habitat that is out of doors, and heavily populated by insects. Gardens, flowerbeds, and open meadow areas may be favored habitats for spiders who actively hunt.

Spiders like the orb spider are known for building elevated, net-like webs. These spiders usually feed on flying insects, and require a habitat that offers them in abundance. They may make their homes in trees and shrubs, beneath the eaves of houses, or even inside those habitations on occasion.

Spiders in general are adaptable to almost any habitat. When a small population of spiders becomes trapped in an inhospitable environment, as sometimes happens, they are considered very likely to evolve new traits that can eventually help them thrive in that habitat. Spiders typically cannot live in extremely cold climates, and there are no known underwater species. A good spider habitat should offer a steady supply of prey for the spiders, and a climate that does not reach extremes of cold. Most spiders should be able to adapt to any habitat that includes these things.