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What are Common Iguana Health Problems?

D. Woods
D. Woods

There are a number of common problems that could affect an iguana’s health. Some of the most notable iguana health problems include metabolic bone disease, egg binding and bladder stones. Many of these health problems, however, can be avoided by practicing proper iguana care.

The most common iguana health problem is metabolic bone disease (MBD), which primarily is found in captive iguanas. MBD usually occurs when new iguana owners are given incorrect dietary information. For example, many new owners are told to feed lettuce to their iguana. Although lettuce provides a significant amount of moisture, it lacks the vitamins and minerals that iguanas need. If an iguana will eat only lettuce, a vitamin-mineral powder can be added as a topical dressing.

Marine iguanas should eat a plant-based diet and can encounter health issues when they are fed improperly.
Marine iguanas should eat a plant-based diet and can encounter health issues when they are fed improperly.

Another common iguana health problem is egg binding. It occurs when a pregnant female iguana cannot expel an egg from the reproductive tract. This can occur as a result of malnutrition or eggs that are deformed. Treatment for egg binding includes surgery and medication.

Bladder stones also are a very common problem associated with iguana health. The urine in iguanas contains minerals that usually are broken down naturally, but if they are not broken down, they will begin to accumulate, which can cause bladder stones to develop. The iguana might become lethargic and begin to strain during urination. If the bladder stone continues to grow, the iguana's abdomen may swell. Successful extraction of a bladder stone can be achieved only through surgery.

Pet iguanas can get burned by heat lamps in their enclosure.
Pet iguanas can get burned by heat lamps in their enclosure.

Nose abrasions also are common iguana health problems. An iguana can obtain a nose abrasion by bumping its nose up against the wall of its enclosure. This usually happens as a result of the iguana trying to get out of the enclosure. Over time, an abrasion can develop on the nose and could lead to more serious injuries.

Burns are yet another common health problem associated with iguanas. Many iguana owners purchase light bulbs and heat lamps to provide their pet with a source of light and heat, but these products can be detrimental to the iguana's health. If the iguana is not cautious, it can get burned when it makes contact with these products. Burns can be prevented, however, by installing a protective device on or around any potentially harmful products.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the signs of a healthy iguana versus one with health issues?

Bladder stones are a very common problem associated with iguana health.
Bladder stones are a very common problem associated with iguana health.

A healthy iguana typically has clear, bright eyes, a full, rounded body, strong limbs, and a tail that is thick and muscular. They are active and alert with smooth, vibrant skin. In contrast, an iguana with health issues may exhibit lethargy, loss of appetite, discoloration of the skin, swollen joints, or abnormal droppings. Regular observation and comparison to healthy baseline behaviors are crucial for early detection of health problems.

How can I prevent metabolic bone disease in my iguana?

Many iguana owners feed their iguanas only lettuce, which contains few nutrients.
Many iguana owners feed their iguanas only lettuce, which contains few nutrients.

Preventing metabolic bone disease in iguanas involves providing a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D3, as well as adequate UVB lighting, which is essential for calcium metabolism. According to veterinary experts, a proper UVB setup should mimic natural sunlight, and dietary supplements should be used as directed to ensure the iguana's nutritional needs are met.

What are the common signs of respiratory infections in iguanas?

Common signs of respiratory infections in iguanas include difficulty breathing, wheezing, nasal discharge, and lethargy. An iguana may also hold its head up as if gasping for air or show an excess of mucus in the mouth. Veterinary care is essential at the first sign of respiratory distress, as these infections can quickly become severe.

Can iguanas get parasites, and how are they treated?

Yes, iguanas can get internal parasites like worms and protozoa, as well as external parasites such as mites and ticks. Symptoms may include weight loss, diarrhea, or visible pests on the skin. Treatment involves veterinary-prescribed antiparasitic medications and maintaining a clean habitat to prevent reinfestation. Regular fecal exams can help detect internal parasites early.

What should I do if my iguana shows signs of skin infections or injuries?

If your iguana shows signs of skin infections or injuries, such as redness, swelling, or open wounds, it's important to consult a veterinarian. Treatment may include cleaning the affected area, applying topical medications, or administering antibiotics. Preventing skin issues involves maintaining proper humidity levels and a clean enclosure to reduce the risk of bacterial or fungal growth.

How often should I take my iguana to the vet for check-ups?

It is recommended to take your iguana to a reptile-savvy veterinarian for annual check-ups to monitor its overall health and catch any potential issues early. Additionally, any sudden changes in behavior or appearance should prompt a veterinary visit to ensure your iguana receives timely care and treatment.

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    • Marine iguanas should eat a plant-based diet and can encounter health issues when they are fed improperly.
      By: Kjersti
      Marine iguanas should eat a plant-based diet and can encounter health issues when they are fed improperly.
    • Pet iguanas can get burned by heat lamps in their enclosure.
      By: vladischern
      Pet iguanas can get burned by heat lamps in their enclosure.
    • Bladder stones are a very common problem associated with iguana health.
      By: loiren
      Bladder stones are a very common problem associated with iguana health.
    • Many iguana owners feed their iguanas only lettuce, which contains few nutrients.
      By: amadeoav
      Many iguana owners feed their iguanas only lettuce, which contains few nutrients.