What Should I Consider When Choosing a Horse?

Selecting a horse is exciting, whether it is your first or your fiftieth. It can open up a world of possibilities and fun, but it is also important to make sure that the horse will meet your needs as a rider. An ideal horse will perform well, stay healthy, and be pleasurable to work with, whether you are trail riding, using him or her for plowing, or participating in equestrian events like dressage and racing. Keep your needs and limitations in mind when looking around to ensure that you get the perfect one for you.

The first thing to think about is what the horse will be used for: pleasure riding, driving, dressage, jumping, eventing, racing, or working, for example. Next, think about the rider's experience. You may ask for a trainer's honest assessment of the rider's level of skills and the best type of horse as a result. You should also consider costs, including training level, breeding, history, and maintenance costs, including boarding fees, feeding, and veterinary care.

Also think about aesthetic and breed needs. Heavier riders will need larger, sturdier horses, while small and short riders would do well to think about ponies and small breeds. Certain breeds have characteristics that are favorable for some activities: Clydesdales, for example, drive very well, while Thoroughbreds are built for speed. If you prefer a particular coat color or breed, consider this when looking around; if you want a Palomino, you probably won't like a Paint.

Next, think about training. Many people prefer to buy already trained horses, so that they can get straight to work. If you want to conduct your own training, decide on whether you want a totally green horse, or a horse with some basic skills. Be aware that different styles of riding require different training: do not purchase a dressage horse for trail riding, for example, or a Western pleasure horse for English jumping. Age applies here since it's often directly related to how well trained trained and behaved a horse tends to be. Inexperienced riders, especially, would do well with a well-trained and well-behaved horse.

Once you have thought about needs and training, start checking what is for sale. Making several appointments will often help you understand the market and which horse is best for you. Inspection is important and so taking someone more experienced to help with this may be wise, especially if you are not familiar with what to look for. Things to inspect for include a clean, healthy coat, bright eyes, and any signs of sores and swelling. Ask the owners about the horse's history, and keep an eye on the horse's behavior. One stands quietly while being examined is a good candidate for purchase, while a horse which fusses, nips, or fidgets may be a trouble maker.

After you have met and examined the horse, spend some time using the horse as you would after your purchase it. Saddle it for riding on the trail or take it through a dressage routine in an arena, or harness it for driving or other work. While using the horse, watch for signs of lameness and poor behavior, and see how well the he or she responds to commands and guidance. Be certain to ask the owners about training and handling, and ask for some time to think the decision over. If you liked the horse, call the owners and ask for a second appointment, and bring a veterinarian along for a second opinion. If you are not interested, call the owners and inform them, as a basic courtesy.

First-time horse owners should prioritize temperament, as a calm and trainable horse is essential for a positive experience. Consider the horse's age, with mature horses often being more reliable. Assess the horse's health, including teeth, hooves, and overall condition. Match the horse's size and breed to your riding style and ensure compatibility with your skill level.

A pre-purchase veterinary exam is crucial to identify any health issues or potential future problems. According to the American Association of Equine Practitioners, such exams can reveal lameness, heart murmurs, or other conditions that may affect the horse's suitability for your intended use, helping you make an informed decision and potentially saving on future medical costs.

The age of a horse can greatly influence its suitability for a rider. Young horses may require extensive training and are less suitable for novice riders. Middle-aged horses, typically between 7 and 14 years, are often at their peak of training and physical ability, making them a good choice for most riders. Older horses can be ideal for beginners due to their experience but may have more health concerns.

Different breeds excel in various disciplines. For example, Thoroughbreds and Warmbloods are often preferred for English riding sports like jumping and dressage, while Quarter Horses are popular for Western disciplines such as cutting and reining. Research breeds known for their success in your chosen discipline and consult with experienced riders or trainers for guidance.

A horse's temperament is vital for a safe and enjoyable partnership. A horse that is too spirited may be challenging for a novice, while a more docile horse might be better suited. Observe the horse's behavior during handling and riding, and consider a trial period to ensure the horse's disposition matches your experience and confidence level.

The training level of a horse should align with the rider's abilities. Beginners should look for well-trained, seasoned horses that respond to commands and can help build the rider's skills. Experienced riders may opt for less trained horses they can work with. Always consider the time and cost associated with bringing a horse to the desired level of training.