Environment
Fact Checked

What is Indian Summer?

J. Beam
J. Beam

An Indian Summer is a time of year when temperatures are considerably above normal. The term dates as far back as the early 1800s, with possible connections to early American Indian tribes, and typically is associated with a stretch of warm, quiet weather occurring in the autumn months. Though the exact circumstances that constitute a true Indian Summer are debated, most agree on a few solid aspects that define one.

Many references to an Indian Summer state that it can not occur until there has been a killing frost or freeze. While this is typically and almost exclusively a weather event that occurs in the fall, some areas have reported weather conditions applicable to an Indian Summer in the winter months.

An Indian Summer means warm, quiet autumn weather.
An Indian Summer means warm, quiet autumn weather.

The most commonly accepted locations for an Indian Summer to occur are the Mid-Atlantic states north to New England and west across the Ohio Valley, the Great Lakes areas, and the Midwest, as well as into the Great Plains states. Essentially, anywhere that has a defined winter season can experience one.

The weather patterns that impact and cause an Indian Summer involve large areas of high pressure along the East Coast with warm temperatures from the South and Southwest being pulled up. This results in a clockwise rotation of wind around the area of high pressure. It is possible for the warmer than normal stretch of weather to last for a few days to over a week, but it is widely agreed upon that an Indian Summer involves at least three days of such weather.

The term "Indian summer" may have been originally connected to early American Indian tribes.
The term "Indian summer" may have been originally connected to early American Indian tribes.

Though the term "Indian Summer" is typically reserved to refer to climatic conditions in North America, other areas, such as Europe, refer to similar seasons differently. In areas where no defined winter season or freezing occurs or is likely to occur, the term has little meaning, if any at all.

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Discussion Comments

anon138667

I definitely agree about the "Indian" portion of the term "Indian Summer" as referring to "deception."

Remember, a lot of the terms and phrases used today were coined during eras when people's negative ideas about other cultures/races were reinforced rather than questioned by social practices. It may not seem fair, but they were different times; the collective mindset was different.

Anyway, it makes perfect sense that "Indian Summer" refers to a "False" or a "Deceptive Summer."

The brief period of warmth - just before true winter sets in - might lead a person (at least the first time they experience it) into the false sense that the warm weather season is setting in; but then the warmth and sunshine dissipate and snow and ice quickly replace them.

anon124201

Seriously? a dishonest summer? Does that even make sense?

anon116057

Where the heck was this person born? Always negative thoughts coming from negative people. Always stereotyping Indians. You need to get out in the world, this is the 21st century.

anon10295

I thought that the term "Indian" in "Indian Summer" came from the stereotype that Indians were dishonest. That is, "Indian Summer" meant false summer. The old expressions, "Indian Giver" and "Honest Indian" may have had a similar source.

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    • An Indian Summer means warm, quiet autumn weather.
      By: sborisov
      An Indian Summer means warm, quiet autumn weather.
    • The term "Indian summer" may have been originally connected to early American Indian tribes.
      By: Flavijus Piliponis
      The term "Indian summer" may have been originally connected to early American Indian tribes.
    • An Indian summer may be a good time to host a barbecue or other out door event.
      By: Matthew Antonino
      An Indian summer may be a good time to host a barbecue or other out door event.
    • Indian summers encourage people to spend more time outdoors.
      By: Eléonore H
      Indian summers encourage people to spend more time outdoors.