How Do I Set up an Angelfish Tank?

Angelfish are popular freshwater fish that thrive in home aquariums. There are many different types of this particular type of fish, in varying sizes, but they all have similar needs when it comes to setting up an angelfish tank. These are generally fairly large fish, growing to about six inches (about 15 cm) in height, and they need a deep tank with plenty of room. They should also have warm water, plenty of plants and good filtration to help keep the water clean.

The first consideration when setting up an angelfish tank is the size of the tank. One or two angelfish can live in a 10-gallon tank (38 liters), but a 15 gallon (57 liter) or larger tank is better. The tank should be at least 15 inches deep (38 cm), but 18 inches (46 cm) or more is ideal for these tall, thin fish.

It is important to have plenty of plants in an angelfish tank, so the fish can hide if they want to. The narrow body of this species allows it to slip in between plants and use its black stripes the same way that a tiger does, as camouflage when the fish lurk among the plants. Since humans have created so many new colors and strains, many of these fish no longer have stripes, but it is still natural for them to want to hide. An angelfish tank should make the fish feel secure by providing plenty of cover.

Gravel covering the bottom of the tank makes it more attractive and offers a place in which to secure the plants. A filtration system is important for keeping the water clean, and can either be set up under the gravel or above it. If the angelfish tank might be used for breeding it is best to use a sponge filter, so that the tiny babies don’t end up sucked into the filter.

The temperature of the water is another concern when setting up an angelfish tank. These fish can survive in a wide range of temperatures, but they do best when the water is about 80F (27C). A heater should be placed in the back of the tank and set to keep the water at the proper temperature. The best kind of heater to use is one that can be completely submerged, since these won’t break if the water level drops a bit during tank cleaning.

Angelfish thrive in spacious environments, so a tank of at least 20 gallons is recommended for a pair. However, if you plan to keep a community or allow for breeding, a larger tank—55 gallons or more—is ideal. This provides ample space for swimming and territorial behaviors, ensuring a healthy, stress-free habitat for your angelfish.

Angelfish prefer warm, slightly acidic to neutral water with temperatures ranging from 76 to 82 degrees Fahrenheit and a pH level between 6.8 and 7.8. Regular monitoring is crucial, as stable water conditions are key to their health. Additionally, a water hardness between 3-8 dKH helps maintain their optimal environment.

Consistency is vital for angelfish well-being. Performing weekly water changes of about 10-25% of the tank volume is recommended. This helps to remove toxins like ammonia and nitrites, keeping the water quality high. Ensure the new water is dechlorinated and matches the tank's temperature and pH to avoid stressing the fish.

Angelfish require clean, well-oxygenated water, so a reliable filtration system is essential. A canister or hang-on-back filter rated for your tank's volume can provide mechanical, chemical, and biological filtration. It's important to maintain a gentle water flow, as angelfish do not thrive in strong currents.

Angelfish tanks benefit from a variety of live plants like Java ferns and Anubias, which offer shelter and mimic natural habitats. Tall plants and floating species provide hiding spots and reduce stress. Smooth-edged decorations and driftwood can add aesthetic appeal without risking injury to the angelfish's delicate fins.

To acclimate angelfish, float the bag they came in on the tank's surface for about 15 minutes to equalize temperature. Then, gradually introduce small amounts of tank water into the bag over the next 45 minutes. This slow process helps the fish adjust to the new water parameters, reducing shock and stress.