Are Uninhabited Islands Safe from Plastic Pollution?

More than 300 million tons of plastic is produced each year, and most of that colossal amount does not get recycled. Unfortunately, a lot of it ends up in the world’s oceans and, eventually, on beaches -- including on the shores of one of the most remote islands in the South Pacific. Although it is uninhabited and should be an untouched paradise, little Henderson Island is anything but. In a 2017 study, researchers calculated that 17 tons of plastic debris have washed up on the island's beaches. They concluded that Henderson has become the world’s most polluted island -- despite not even having a single human inhabitant.

A paradise paved with plastic:

• Researchers from the University of Tasmania estimate that there are about 62 pieces of plastic per square foot (671 pieces per square meter) on Henderson Island, the densest amount of plastic pollution ever recorded.
• The island sits near the center of the South Pacific Gyre ocean current, which means that litter from South America and debris from fishing boats find their way to the uninhabited island.
• Plastic is a hazard for many animals. More than 200 species are known to be at risk from eating plastic, and 55 percent of the world's seabirds are threatened by marine debris.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are uninhabited islands completely free from plastic pollution?

No, uninhabited islands are not free from plastic pollution. Despite their lack of human residents, ocean currents and winds can carry plastic debris to these remote locations. Studies have shown that even the most isolated islands have been found with significant amounts of plastic waste on their shores.

What types of plastic pollution are most commonly found on uninhabited islands?

On uninhabited islands, the most common types of plastic pollution include single-use items like plastic bottles, bags, and straws, as well as fishing gear such as nets and lines. These items are lightweight and easily transported by ocean currents, leading to widespread distribution across the globe.

How does plastic pollution impact wildlife on uninhabited islands?

Plastic pollution poses a severe threat to wildlife on uninhabited islands. Animals can ingest plastic, mistaking it for food, which can lead to starvation, poisoning, and internal injuries. Entanglement in plastic debris can also result in drowning, suffocation, or restricted movement, affecting their ability to hunt or escape predators.

Can plastic pollution on uninhabited islands affect human populations?

Yes, plastic pollution on uninhabited islands can indirectly affect human populations. The toxins from plastics can enter the food chain through marine life, eventually reaching humans who consume seafood. Additionally, the presence of plastics on beaches can harm tourism and the economies of nearby inhabited areas.

What efforts are being made to clean up plastic pollution on uninhabited islands?

Efforts to clean up plastic pollution on uninhabited islands include volunteer beach cleanups and initiatives by environmental organizations. Some governments and international bodies are also implementing policies to reduce plastic waste at the source and improve waste management to prevent plastics from reaching the oceans in the first place.

How can individuals help reduce plastic pollution on uninhabited islands?

Individuals can help reduce plastic pollution on uninhabited islands by minimizing their use of single-use plastics, participating in local beach cleanups, and supporting legislation that aims to reduce plastic waste. Additionally, educating others about the impact of plastic pollution and advocating for sustainable practices can contribute to long-term solutions.